Spanish Slave ship dramatically seized off the coast of Cuba by the enslaved Africans aboard. Secret organization of Irish miners that campaigned, at times violently, against poor working conditions in the Pennsylvania mines. In order to strengthen the union, the federal government assumed states' Revolutionary War debts in 1790, thereby tying the interests of wealthy lenders with those of the national government (Assumption Bill of 1790), The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, protecting key rights for individuals, Chartered by Congress as part of Alexander Hamilton's financial program, the bank printed paper money and served as a depository for treasury funds, Issued by George Washington, proclaimed America's formal neutrality in the escalating conflict between England and France, Period of brutal repression when thousands of individuals were executed as enemies of the French revolution, Popular uprising of whiskey distillers in southwestern Pennsylvania in opposition to an excise tax on whiskey. As President of the Republic, he unsubbessfully sought annexation into the US. American transcendentalist and author of Walden: Or Life in the Woods. Jefferson hoped to weaken Britain and France by stopping trade. Florida-Purchase Treaty (Adams-Onis Treaty). Revolutionary war soldier, statesman and fifth president of the US. The land mass stretched from the Gulf of Mexico all the to Rocky Mountains and Canada. British general who lead an ill-fated invasion of upstate New York, suffering a crushing defeat by the Colonials at Saratoga (1777). HIPPO H Historical Context – Causation: What are the immediate historical events that shaped/triggered this document? Last-ditch effort by the Indians to dislodge Virginia settlements. Series of debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas for the U.S. Senate Elections in Illinois. Territory; repealed Missouri Comp. President of the Republic of Texas and US senator, he led Texas to independence in 1836 as commander in chief of the Texas army. Term referring to a series of nineteenth century transportation innovations-turnpikes, steamboats, canals and railroads-that linked local and regional markets, creating a national economy. he first introduced the motion of asserting America's independance from Britain. Supreme Court case that strengthened federal authority and upheld constitutionality of the United States Bank by establishing that Maryland did not have the power to tax the bank; example of nationalistic government. established the first major Anglo settlements in Texas under an agreement with the Mexican government. Oh no! Definition of common sense : sound and prudent judgment based on a simple perception of the situation or facts So far, I've had the common sense not to tweet anything ghastly. Thomas Paine published the pamphlet Common Sense in 1776, in which argued that the colonists should free themselves from British rule and establish an independent government based on Enlightenment ideals - one that would protect man's natural rights. Treaty that fixed the line 54 40' as the southernmost boundary of Russian holdings in America. Pervasive nineteenth century cultural creed that venerated the domestic role of women. He established, through many landmark cases, the principle of judicial review (Marbury v. Madison 1803), strengthened courts and most importantly strenthened the federal government, Accomplished Shawnee warrior, he sought to establish a confederacy of Indian Tribes east of the Mississippi. The war officialy ended with the Treaty of Greenville in 1795, French Foreign Minister whose attempts to solicit bribes from American envoys in the infamous XYZ affair prompted widespread calls for war w/ France, Revolutionary War General and 1st president of the U.S. became known from French/ Indian War Commander of the Continental army, Revolutionary War soldier and Vice President under Thomas Jefferson, most famous for fatally wounding Alexander Hamilton in a duel. The British closed off all port vessels that France went through so they couldn't get supplies. from Union, Black slave who sued his master for freedom, triggering the landmark Supreme Court case ________ v. Stanford (The case ruled federal protection for slavery in the territories and that a slave is property w/ no right to a court case and w/ no possibility for citizenship), Connecticut-born abolitionist and author of best-selling "Uncle Tom's Cabin" (1852) ("Uncle Tom's Cabin" greatly spread the anti-slavery cause), Massachusetts Senator and abolitionist, he opposed the extension of slavery, speaking out passionately against the Civil War in Kansas (or "Bleeding Kansas" a result of the Kansas-Nebraska Act), Chief Justice of the Supreme Court during the case "Dred Scott v. Stanford", he overturned Marshall's strict emphasis on contract rights, ruling in favor of community interest in the famous Charles River Bridge case, Massachusetts-born teacher and philanthropist who served as a nurse with the Union Army during the Civil War (Later founded the Red Cross), America's first female physician, she helped organize the U.S. Sanitary Commission during the Civil War to aid the Union War effort, U.S. Ended in the slaughter of the Pequots by the Puritans and their narragansett Indian allies. The pamphlet \"Common Sense\" remains one of the most important documents written at the time of the American Revolution. This party shaped American political thought and made colonists aware of encroachments on their rights, Economic theory that closely linked a nation's political and military power to its bullion reserves. Banished from the Puritan Colony, she moved to Rhode Island and later New York, where her and her family were murderd by Indians, Wampanoag Chieftan who signed a peace treaty with Plymouth Bay settlers in 1621 and helped them celebrate the first Thanksgiving, Wampanoag Chief who led a brutal campaign against Puritan settlements in New England between 1675 and 1676. Forced march of 15,000 Cherokee Indians from their Georgia and Alabama homes to Indian Territory. Law passed by the English Parliament when the British were fighting the French. Inventor of the McCormick mower-reaper, a horse-drawn contraption that fueled the development of large-scale agriculture in the trans-Alleghen West. Great American inventor, best known for his Cotton Gin, which revolutionized the Southern economy. Introduced by Pennsylvania congressman David Wilmot, Inflow of thousands of miners to northern California after the news reported the discovery of gold at Sutter's Mill, Signed by great Britain and the U.S., it provided that the two nations would jointly protect the neutrality of central America and that neither power would seek to fortify or control any future isthmian waterway, Admitted California as a free state, opened New Mexico and Utah to popular sovereignty, ended the slave trade in Washington D.C. and introduced a more stringent fugitive slave law that provoked much contraversy, Antislavery party in the 1848 and 1852 elections that opposed the extension of slavery in the territories, Passed as part of the Compromise of 1850, it set high penalties for anyone who aided escaped slaves and compelled all law enforcement officers to participate in retrieving runaways, Acquired additional land from Mexico for $10 million to facilitate the construction of a Southern transcontinental railroad. It signified a warning of religious zeal among second/third generation Puritans, Uprising of Virginia back-country farmers and indentured servants led by Nathaniel Bacon; initially a response to governor William Berkeley's refusal to protect back-country settlers from Indian attacks, the rebellion eventually grew into a broader conflict between impoverished settlers and the planter elite. Second in a series of conflicts between the European powers for control of North America, fought between the English and French colonists in the North, and the English and Spanish in Florida. As president, he supported protective tariffs and a national bank, but maintained a jeffersonian opposition to federally-funded internal improvements. British parliamentarian who rose to prominence during the French and Indian War as the brilliant tactician behind Britian's victory over France. Belief system that emphasized individualism and self reliance...each person possessed an "inner light: that pointed them to God. Revolutionary War soldier and first Treasury Secretary of the U.S., argued for the ratification of the Constitution in The Federalist. An able administrator and devout Puritan. A bit of this and a bit of that When an elected official fills appointed positions with friends that helped him/her get elected, it is considered patronage. Boston revolutionary who organized Massachusetts' "Committees of Correspondence" designed to sustain opposition to British policies. Made by the Republican Congress in an attempt to make England and France stop harassing the American ships and recognize the neutrality of America. Battle between President Andrew Jackson and Congressional supporters of the Bank of the United States over the bank's renewal in 1832. 20 people were put to death before the MA governor put the trials to an end, Trade that involved merchants taking rum from New England to Africa and trading that for slaves. Principal author of the Constitution co-author of The Federalist, and 4th President of the U.S. Chief Justice of the Supreme Court from 1801 untill his death in 1835. in Kan. Choose from 500 different sets of common sense apush flashcards on Quizlet. British sailors would capture and enslave American sailors (who they claimed were actually British sailors that had deserted) because they didn't have enough sailors to man their own ships. Political theory of representative government, based on the principle of popular sovereignty, stood as an alternative to monarchial rule, 1700s British political commentators who agitated against political corruption and emphasized the threat to liberty posed by arbitrary power. Formally reopened trade with all nations except England and France. The Embargo Act ended up hurting our economy more than theirs. New England born author of popular novels for adolescents, most notably Little Women. Delaware was named after him, Protestant Queen of England, whose 40 year reign from 1588 to 1603 firmly secured the Anglican Church and inaugurated a period of maritime exploration and conquest. American ships were seized also and Americans were impressed into the British navy. It resulted in the expulsion of the French from the North American mainland and helped spark the Seven Years' war in Europe Seven Years War is the European extension of the French and Indian war. The famous "Fifty-four forty or fight" (1846) was one of his campaign slogans, 10th President of the U.S., a Whig in name only. Suit over whether New York could grant a monopoly to a ferry operating in interstate waters; rule asserted the Supreme Court's sole power to regulate interstate commerce. Supreme Court decision gave federal protection to slavery by ruling that Congress did not have the power to prohibit slavery in any territory. Religious followers of Joseph Smith who faced persecution and followed Brigham Young to Utah. A Democrat, he ushered in a new era of American politics, advocating white manhood suffrage and cementing party loyalties through the spoils system. Also strong supporter of the B.U.S, Leading American revolutionary and diplomat, who negotiated the Treaty of paris and later, the much-criticized ___ treaty of 1794 (A very good year). Initially ratified by pro-slavery forces, it was later voted when congress required that the entire constitution be put up for a vote. Henry Clay's three-pronged system to promote American industry. The 20,000 immigrants who came to Massachusetts largely shared a common sense of purpose-to establish a model Christian settlement. Runaway slave and leader of the Boston protests that resulted in the "Boston Massacre", in which he was first to die. Former pres. King that caused the Puritans to leave England, State where Battle of Yorktown took place, State where Battle of Saratoga took place, Winter know as the "Starving Time" in Jamestown, The name of the long haired women whose death inspired many Americans to fight at Saratoga, Red Coat who struck a boy, causing the Boston Massacre, Year and Place of 1st Continental Congress. The alleged benefits of British rule, Paine asserts, are actually liabilities; he cites unfair trade policies and American entanglement in Britain's foreign wars. Allowed President Adams to fill federal judicial posts (until midnight on his last day in office) with Federalist judges (called "midnight judges") in order to secure power for the Federalist party before Adams' term ended. The transatlantic voyage slaves enured between Africa and the colonies. Douglas won the election, but Abe gained fame and a much better chance at the presidency come 1860, Organization created to facilitate the migration of free laborers into Kansas in order to prevent the establishment of slavery in the Territroy, Financial crash brought on by gold-fueled inflation, over-speculation and excess grain production, Lowered duties on imports in response to a high Treasury surplus and pressure from southern farmers. Committees of Correspondene • Committees of Correspondence, organized by patriot leader Samuel Adams, was a system of communication between patriot leaders in New England and throughout the colonies. Senator from Mississippi and President of the Confederate States of America, Maryland-born actor and Confederate sympathizer who assassinated Abe Lincoln at Ford's Theatre (April 14, 1865), Ohio-born Union General and 18th Pres. If you would like to download the PowerPoint used in the video, click here: APUSH Review, Thomas Paine’s Common Sense. Ottawa Chief who led an uprising against the British in the wake of the French and Indian War. We're a nonprofit. Abolitionist and women's rights activist, who kept her maiden name after marriage inspiring women-"____ _____rs"-to follow her example. Mechanized the harvest of grains, such as wheat, allowing farmers to cultivate larger plots. Virginia planter and revolutionary, who served as a member of the Continental Congress. Aimed at bolstering colonial defense in the event of war with the Indians; also sought to promote Navigation Laws. 1. A Whig, he won the 1840 election on a "Log Cabin and Hard Cider" campaign, which played up his credentials as a backwoods westerner and Indian fighter. Its failure after the Glorious Revolution in England demonstrated colonial opposition to strict royal control, Relatively peaceful overthrow of the unpopular Catholic monarch, James II, replacing him with William III and Mary. in a show of strength and resolve by the new central government, Washington put down the rebellion with the U.S. Military, Battle between Miami Confederacy and U.S. Army, Indians attained a peace settlement with the U.S. with the "Treaty of Greenville", Negotiated by John Jay in an effort to avoid war with Britain. Clay advocated a strong banking system, a protective tariff and a federally funded transportation network. in 1794 (A very good year) he was defeated by general "Mad" Anthony Wayne at the Battle of Fallen Timbers. She helped rescue more than 300 slaves from bondage. Appendix 4 18 The two first, by being hereditary, are independent of the people; wherefore in a constitutional sense they contribute nothing towards the freedom of the state. Woman's Rights Convention at Seneca Falls. Though never proven, the accusation became the rallying cry for supporters of Andrew Jackson, who had actually garnered a plurality of the popular vote. Royal governor of Massachusetts during the run-up to the Revolution, he misjudged colonial zeal during the Tea Act controversy and insisted that east Inida Company ships unload in Boston Harbor, thereby prompting the "Boston Tea Party". also declares that slaves were never to be considered citizens of the U.S. He also pioneered the use of interchangeable parts in the production of rifles. English colonist whose marriage to Pocahontas in 1614 sealed the peace of the 1st Anglo-Powhatan War. Lasted from the Glorious Revolution to the end of the French and Indian War in 1763, Feudal estates in the middle and southern colonies that were granted to promoters who agreed to settle 50 people on them, Passed across the colonies, particularly in Puritan New England and Quaker Pennsylvania, they were designed to restrict personal behavior in accord with a strict code of morality, prohibiting "ungodly revelers" such as stage plays, playing cards, dice, games, and excessive hilarity, Young British migrants who, inexchange for transatlantic passage, bound themselves to a colonial employer for a term of service, typically between four and seven years. Powerful New York political machine that primarily drew support from the city's immigrants, who depended on Tammany Hall patronage, particularly social services. Secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education and a champion of public education, advocation: New York author who spent his youth as a whaler on the high seas, an experience which no doubt inspired his epic novel, Moby Dick. It dramatically lowered shipping costs, fueling an economic boom in upstate New York and increasing the profitability of farming in the Old Northwest. Also known as the South Carolina Slave Revolt, Armed conflict between aspiring merchants led by Jacob Leisler and the ruling elite of New York. Like the "spoils system." Religious revival characterized by camp meetings and conversions that brought about the democratization of religion. American novelist and a member of New York's Knickerbocker Group, he wrote adventure tales, including The Last of the Mohicans, which won acclaim on both sides of the Atlantic. Also prohibited the purchase of federal acreage on credit, thereby eliminating one of the causes of the Panic of 1819. Calvinist doctrine that God foreordained some people to be saved and some to be damned. Statement delivered by president James Monroe warning European powers to refrain from seeking any new territories; U.S. lacked power to back up this announcement, but Britain enforced it by involving themselves with the Latin-American market. English adventurer who took control of Jamestown in 1608 and ensured the survival of the colony by directing gold-hungry colonists toward more productive tasks. APUSH Review: George Washington’s Farewell Address Paine begins by distinguishing between government and society. Proposed Kansas constitution, whose ratification was unfairly rigged so as to guarantee slavery in the territory. A loyalist during the Revolutionary War, he spent the rest of his life in London, painting portraits of British aristocrats and depicting scenes from English history, New England minister whose fiery sermons helped touch off the 1st Great Awakening (1730s-1740s). The Chesapeake, a US frigate, was boarded by a British ship, the Leopard. Lost to Abe Lincoln, Fiery South Carolina congressman who caned Charles Sumner on the Senate floor, Radical abolitionist who launched an attack on the Federal Armory at Harper's Ferry, Virginia, in an effort to lead slaves in a violent uprising. Southerners vehemently opposed the amendment, which they perceived as a threat to the sectional balance between North and South. Key features of the document were borrowed for Connecticut's colonial charter and later, its state constitution. Though he sought to transcend partisanship, even undertaking a goodwill tour of the states in 1817, his presidency was rocked by bitter partisanship and sectional conflicts. — James Poniewozik The poker players learns that sometimes both science and common sense are … origin and design of english constitutional government - introduces idea that there's a difference between society and gov. Once Texas officially joined the Union in 1845, he was elected to the US senate, later returning to serve as Governor of Texas until 1861, when he was removed from office for refusing to take an oath of loyatly to the Confederacy. Fortress in Texas where four hundred American volunteers were slain by Santa Anna in 1836. Though loyal to Mexico, he advocated for local Texans' rights, particularly the right to bring slaves into the region. The U.S. was not prepared to fight in a war, so Pres. Inter-colonial congress summoned by the British government to foster greater colonial unity and assure Iroquois support in the escalating war against the French. His machine fueled the ready-made clothing industry in New England. sov. Tribes resisting eviction were forcibly removed by American forces, often after prolonged legal or military battles. English Protestant reformers who sought to purify the Church of England of Catholic rituals and creeds. Rioters angry at the rich for being able to evade drafting by paying money, Founded with the help of Elizabeth Blackwell, collected medical supplies and equipped hospitals in an effort to help the Union Army, Mountainous region that broke away from Virgina to form its own state after Virginia seceded form the Union, Petition requiring law enforcement officers to present detained individuals before the court to examine legality of the arrest, Landmark battle in the Civil War that essentially ended in a draw but demonstrated the prowess of the Union Army. A strong advocate of national finance and improvement, he faced opposition from states' rights advocates in the South and West. to seek approval from the senate before removing appointees, Reconstruction-era African American organization that worked to educate southern blacks about civic life, build black schools and churches, and represent black interests before government and employers. Religious conflict that disrupted England after King Henry VIII broke away from the Royal Catholic Church in the 1530s. Resounding victory of American forces against the British, restoring American confidence and fueling an outpouring of nationalism. The theological doctrine that by faith and God's grace a Christian is freed from all laws (including the moral standards of the culture). Supreme court case that sustained Dartmouth University's original charter against charges proposed by New Hampshire's state legislature and protected corporations from dominating state governments. … Generally favored protectionism and colonial acquisition as means to increase exports, Patriotic groups that played a central role in agitating against the Stamp Act and enforcing non-importation agreements, Duty on imported sugar from the West Indies. Preacher, reformer and abolitionist, he was the son of famed evangelist Lyman Beecher and brother of author Harriet Beecher Stowe, VP under James Buchanan. Early American historian who wrote a series of volumes on the imperial struggle between Britain and France in North America. Refusing to publish during her lifetime, she left behind nearly two thousand poems, which were published after her death. Jefferson elected over Adams, considered a revolution reaffirming the spirit of the initial revolution. Series of assaults by Metacom/King Philip, on English settlements in New England. His plan was uncovered before he could put it in motion, and he and 34 accomplices were put to death. monarchy and hereditary succession - men are born equal; there should be no distinction between kings and subjects, state of american affairs - argues for independence; examines hostilities between britain and colonies, present ability of america (with miscellaneous reflections) - optimistic view of america's military potential, -was absurd for an island to rule a continent. Reflecting the focus of early abolitionists on transporting freed blacks to Africa, the organization established Liberia, a West-African settlement intended as a haven for emancipated slaves. Common Sense became so popular that many historians credit it with dissolving the final barriers to the fight for independence. One of many uprisings that erupted when wealthy colonist attempted to recreate European social structures in the New World, Series of witchcraft trials launched after a group of young girls in Salem, Massachusetts, claimed to have been bewitched by older women of the town. Bloody campaign waged by Ottawa Indian Chief Pontiac to drive the British out of Ohio Country. Armed conflict between royalists and parliamentarians in England, resulting in the victory of pro-Parliament forces and the execution of Charles I. Virginia is named in her honor, Daughter of Chief Powhatan, she "saved" Captain John Smith in a dramatic mock execution and served as a mediator between Indians and the colonists. William Henry Harrison in Indiana. Popular name for the period of one-party, Republican, rule during James Monroe's presidency. Though intended to protect colonists, it contributed to rising resentment of British rule in the American colonies. It heightened northern support for abolition as well as many European powers, 5 Slave States-- Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, Delaware, and West Virginia-- that didn't secede from the Union during Civil War, South Carolina location where Confederate forces fired the 1st shots of the Civil War in 1861, Paper currency issued by the Union treasury during the Civil War, A federal law that gave settlers 160 acres of land for about $30 if the buyer lived on it for 5 years and improved it by, for instance, building a house on it, Increased duties back up to 1846 levels to raise revenue for the Civil War, Network of member banks that could issue currency against purchased government bonds, Uprising in protest of the military draft. Prominent Quaker and abolitionist, she became a champion for women's rights after she and her fellow female delegates were not seated at the London antislavery convention of 1840. Generally young, they supported and rallied for war during the early 1800s. Following this battle, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, Site where Robert E. Lee was surrounded and force to surrender the Confederate Army to Ulysses S. Grant, Northern Democrats who obstructed the war effort attacking Abe Lincoln, the draft, and emancipation, Abe Lincoln's often quoted speech, delivered at the dedication of the cemetery at Gettysburg battlefield, Civil War battle in Pennsylvania that ended in Union victory, spelling doom for the Confederacy, site of General George Pickett's daring but doomed charge, Union General George B. McClellan's failed effort to seize Richmond, Union General William Tecumseh Sherman's destructive march through Georgia, Bloody Civil War battle on the Tennessee-Mississippi border that resulted in the deaths of more than 23,000 soldiers and a Union victory, Edward Everett Hale's fictional account of a treasonous soldier's journeys in exile, Constitutional amendment prohibiting all forms of slavery, A coalition party of Pro-War Democrats and republicans formed during the 1864 election to defeat Anti-War Northern Democrats, 2 and 1/2 month seige of a Confederate Fort on Mississippi River in Tennessee, A series of brutal clashes between Ulysses S. Grant and Robert E. Lee's armies in Virginia, Introduced by Abe Lincoln, it proposed that a state be readmitted to the Union once 10 % of its voters pledged loyalty to the U.S. and promised to honor emancipation, Laws passed throughout the South to restrict the rights of emancipated blacks, particularly with respect to negotiating labor contracts, Pejorative used by southern whites to describe Northern businessmen and politicians who came to the South after the Civil War to work on reconstruction projects, Passed over Andrew Johnson's veto, the bill aimed to counteract the black codes by conferring citizenship on African Americans, Prohibited states from denying citizens the franchise on account of race. British promise to evacuate outposts on US soil and pay damages for seized American vessels, in exchange the US repay pre-Revolutionary War debts and abide by Britain's trading policies with France, Miami Confederacy agreed to cede territory in the Old Northwest to the U.S. in exchange for cash payment, hunting rights, and formal recognition of their sovereign status, Signed with Spain, fearing Anglo-American alliance, granted American's free navigation of the Mississippi River and the aquiring of the disputed territory of Flordia, George Washington's farewell address at the end of his presidency, warning the U.S. against "permanent alliances" with other nations, Diplomatic conflict between France and the U.S. when American envoys to France were asked to pay a hefty bribe for the privilege of meeting with the French Foreign Minister (Charles Tallyrand), Acts passed by Federalist Congress raising the residency requirement for citizenship to 14 years. Agreement to form a "majority rule" government in Plymouth, signed aboard the Mayflower. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Most notably espoused in the colonies by Anne Hutchinson, Drafted by settlers in the Connecticut River valley, this document was the first "modern constitution" establishing a democratically controlled government. British-born pamphleteer and author of "Common Sense", later and ardent supporter of the French revolution, American Revolutionary and champion of states' rights, he became a prominent anti-federalist during the ratification debate, Revolutionary war veteran who led a group of debtors and impoverished back-country farmers in a rebellion against the Massachusetts government in 1786, the rebellion was quickly put down, American revolutionary, statesman and 2nd President of the U.S. One of the more radical patriots on the eve of Revolution, helped with the Continental congress, served as a minister to France, Britain, and the Netherlands. Best known for its proverbs and aphorisms emphasizing thrift, industry, morality, and common sense, New York libel case against John Peter Zenger.

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